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1.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 71(3): 164-172, maio-jun. 2012. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-643914

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Verificar as variações entre manhã e tarde da refração, da acuidade visual, das medidas da pressão ocular e dos parâmetros biomecânicos da córnea em pacientes operados de ceratotomia radial e interesse em retratamento refrativo; correlacionar os parâmetros biomecânicos da córnea com a refração, com a acuidade visual e com as suas variações. MÉTODOS: Foram examinados trinta e oito olhos de 19 pacientes pela manhã (9 am) e à tarde (6 pm), obtendo-se refração esfero-cilíndrica dinâmica, acuidade visual (logMAR) sem correção (AVsc) e corrigida (AVcc) e parâmetros do ORA (Ocular Response Analyzer): histerese corneana (corneal hysteresis - CH), fator de resistência da córnea (corneal resistance factor - CRF), pressão intraocular (intraocular pressure &- IOP) calibrada para o padrão Goldmann (IOPg) e pressão compensada da córnea (IOPcc). Considerando a não distribuição normal das variáveis (teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov), o teste de Wilcoxon signed rank foi utilizado para verificar significância nas diferenças entre as medidas da manhã e as da tarde de cada variável. O teste de Spearman foi utilizado para verificar correlações das medidas do ORA com o estado refracional e com a acuidade visual pela manhã e à tarde, assim como para verificar as correlações entre as medidas do ORA pela manhã e à tarde e as variações da refração e da acuidade visual. RESULTADOS: Grau esférico (E), equivalente esférico (EE), equivalente desfoco (ED), AVsc, IOPcc e IOPg variaram significativamente (Wilcoxon, p<0,05) entre manhã e tarde, havendo maior hipermetropia, pior acuidade visual não corrigida, maior pressão ocular e menor CH pela manhã. Nas medidas pela manhã, observaram-se correlações positivas (Spearman, p<0,05) do EE e do ED com IOPcc (rs=0,39 e 0,34 respectivamente), mas não com IOPg. Nas medidas da tarde, não houve correlações significantes entre os parâmetros refracionais e os pressóricos. Observaram-se correlações negativas (Spearman, p<0,05) entre AVsc (logMAR) e CH pela manhã e à tarde (rs= -0,48 e rs= -0,51), entre E e CH pela manhã e à tarde (rs= -0,66 e -0,76), entre E e CRF pela manhã e à tarde (rs= -0,40 e -0,47), entre EE e CH pela manhã e à tarde (rs= -0,70 e -0,68), entre EE e CRF pela manhã e à tarde (rs= -0,41 e -0,46), entre ED e CH pela manhã e a tarde (rs= -0,64 e -0,54) e entre ED e CRF pela manhã e a tarde (rs= -0,35 e -0,34). Observou-se correlação significante e negativa do CRF pela manhã com a variação do ED (p = 0,05; rs = -0,30) e com a variação da AVsc (p = 0,04; rs = -0,33). CONCLUSÃO: Maior hipermetropia pela manhã foi associada a maior pressão compensada (IOPcc), mas não com IOPg em pacientes operados de ceratotomia radial, o que deve ser considerado no planejamento do retratamento refrativo. Parâmetros biomecânicos (CRF e CH) mais baixos foram associados com maior hipermetropia e pior acuidade visual. Uma tendência de haver maior flutuação relacionada com córneas mais fracas foi encontrada. Novos estudos envolvendo parâmetros biomecânicos derivados do sinal do ORA, além dos parâmetros CH e CRF (derivados das pressões de aplanamento do ORA), juntamente com dados tomográficos da córnea e de aberrometria total são necessários.


PURPOSE: To verify the morning to evening variations of refraction, visual acuity, intraocular pressure and biomechanical parameters on patients operated by radial keratotomy who presented for refractive re-treatments; and to correlate the biomechanical parameters with refraction, visual acuity and their variations among morning and evening. METHODS: 19 patients were examined, respectively thirty-eight eyes in the morning (9 am) and evening (6 pm), recording sphere-cylindrical dynamic refraction, visual acuity (logMAR) without correction (AVsc) and corrected (AVcc) and ORA (Ocular Response Analyzer) parameters: corneal hysteresis (CH), corneal resistance factor (CRF), intraocular pressure calibrated for Goldmann (IOPg) e corneal compensated (IOPcc). Variables had no normal distribution (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test), so that the Wilcoxon signed rank was used for testing the significance on the differences for each variable between morning and afternoon. The Spearman test was used for assessing the correlations between the ORA parameters and refraction, visual acuity in the morning and afternoon, as well as to verify the correlations between the ORA parameters and the variations on refraction and visual acuity. RESULTS: Sphere (E), spherical equivalent (EE), defocus equivalent (ED), AVsc, IOPcc e IOPg varied significantly (Wilcoxon, p<0.05) between morning and evening. There was more hyperopia, worse visual acuity, higher pressure and lower CH in the morning measurements. In the morning measurements, there was a positive correlation (Spearman, p<0.05) between EE and ED and IOPcc (rs=0.39 and 0.34 respectively), but not with IOPg. In the evening measurement, there were no correlations between the refractive and pressure measurements. Negative correlations were observed (Spearman, p<0.05) between AVsc (logMAR) and CH in the morning and in the evening (rs= -0.48 e rs= -0,51), between E and CH in the morning and in the evening (rs= -0.66 and -0.76), between E and CRF in the morning and in the evening (rs= -0.40 and -0.47), between EE and CH in the morning and in the evening (rs= -0.70 and -0.68), between EE and CRF in the morning and in the evening (rs= -0.41 and -0.46), between ED and CH in the morning and in the evening (rs= 0.64 and -0.54) and between ED and CRF in the morning and in the evening (rs= -0.35 and -0.34). There was a significant negative correlation between the morning measurement of CRF and the variation of defocus equivalent (p = 0.05; rs = -0.30) and the variation of AVsc (p = 0.04; rs = -0.33). CONCLUSION: More hyperopia was recorded in the morning which was associated with higher compensated pressure (IOPcc) but not with IOPg ten years after RK. Lower biomechanical parameters (CRF e CH) were associated with higher hyperopia and worse visual acuity. A trend was observed for having higher fluctuation on weaker corneas. New studies involving the variables derived from the waveform signals, beyond CH and CRF (derived from the applanation pressures) along with data from corneal tomography and wavefront aberrometry are necessary.


Subject(s)
Humans , Postoperative Complications , Keratotomy, Radial/adverse effects , Circadian Rhythm/physiology , Cornea/pathology , Hyperopia/etiology , Refraction, Ocular/physiology , Biomechanical Phenomena , Visual Acuity/physiology , Retrospective Studies , Cornea/surgery , Hyperopia/physiopathology , Intraocular Pressure/physiology
2.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2012 Mar; 60(2): 139-141
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-138810

ABSTRACT

Iatrogenic keratectasia has been reported subsequent to refractive surgery or trauma. Hexagonal keratotomy (HK) is a surgical incisional technique to correct hyperopia. A number of complications have been reported following this procedure, including irregular astigmatism, wound healing abnormalities and corneal ectasia. When visual acuity is poor because of ectasia or irregular astigmatism and contact lens fitting is not possible, penetrating or lamellar keratoplasty can be performed. Since incisions in refractive keratotomy are set at 90–95% depth of cornea, intraoperative microperforations are known to occur and lamellar keratoplasty may become difficult. We describe deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) used to successfully manage keratectasia after HK. Pre DALK vision was 20/400 and post DALK vision was 20/30 two months after surgery. This report aims to show improved visual outcome in corneal ectasia secondary to HK. DALK can be a procedure of choice with proper case selection.


Subject(s)
Adult , Corneal Diseases/etiology , Corneal Diseases/surgery , Corneal Transplantation/methods , Humans , Hyperopia/surgery , Iatrogenic Disease , Keratotomy, Radial/adverse effects , Male , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Postoperative Complications/surgery
3.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2011 July; 59(4): 283-286
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-136190

ABSTRACT

Aim: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of laser in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in eyes with residual/induced refractive error following radial keratotomy (RK). Design: Retrospective study. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of data of 18 eyes of 10 patients, who had undergone LASIK for refractive error following RK, was performed. All the patients had undergone RK in both eyes at least one year before LASIK. Parameters like uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, glare acuity and corneal parameters were evaluated both preoperatively and postoperatively. Statistical Software: STATA-9.0. Results: The mean UCVA before LASIK was 0.16±0.16 which improved to 0.64 ± 0.22 (P < 0.001) after one year following LASIK. Fourteen eyes (out of 18) had UCVA of ≥ 20/30 on Snellen's acuity chart at one year following LASIK. The mean BCVA before LASIK was 0.75 ± 0.18. This improved to 0.87 ± 0.16 at one year following LASIK. The mean spherical refractive error at the time of LASIK and at one year after the procedure was –5.37 ± 4.83 diopters (D) and –0.22 ± 1.45D, respectively. Only three eyes had a residual spherical refractive error of ≥ 1.0D at one year follow-up. In two eyes, we noted opening up of the RK incisions. No eye developed epithelial in-growth till 1 year after LASIK. Conclusion: LASIK is effective in treating refractive error following RK. However, it carries the risk of flap-related complications like opening up of the previously placed RK incisions and splitting of the corneal flap.


Subject(s)
Adult , Eyeglasses , Female , Humans , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/adverse effects , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/methods , Keratotomy, Radial/adverse effects , Male , Refractive Errors/etiology , Refractive Errors/physiopathology , Refractive Errors/therapy , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Surgical Wound Dehiscence/etiology , Visual Acuity , Young Adult
4.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 73(2): 165-170, Mar.-Apr. 2010. ilus, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-548148

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar a segurança da ceratectomia fotorrefrativa (PRK) com mitomicina-C (MMC) em olhos com hipermetropia consecutiva à ceratotomia radial. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados prospectivamente 60 olhos de 36 pacientes consecutivos, submetidos à ceratectomia fotorrefrativa personalizada pela frente de onda corneana com o laser Esiris Schwind. Realizaram-se desepitelização mecânica, seguida da fotoabla ção, e utilização de MMC 0,02 por cento por 20 ou 40 segundos. Em 16 olhos (26,7 por cento) a MMC foi aplicada por 40 segundos. Estes foram submetidos a ablações mais profundas do que 100 micra ou apresentavam córneas submetidas a suturas prévias. Os pacientes foram acompanhados por um ano. RESULTADOS: O equivalente esférico (EE) médio antes do PRK era +4,27 D ± 2,18 e a acuidade visual corrigida (AVcc) média era 0,174 ± 0,139 (logMAR). O EE médio programado no laser foi +4,74 D ± 2,11, resultando em uma profundidade de ablação de 78 ± 28 µm (de 33 a 148). Não foram observadas complicações intraoperatórias. Após um ano observaram-se: EE médio de + 0,04 D ± 1,03 (p<0,001) e AVcc de 0,079 ± 0,105 (p<0,001). Observou-se melhora de duas ou mais linhas de AVcc em 20 olhos (33,3 por cento) e somente 1 olho (1,7 por cento) perdeu duas linhas. A análise de correlação mostrou que a melhora da AVcc foi inversa mente correlacionada à AVcc pré-operatória (r=-0,694; p<0,001). ''Haze'' periférico grau 2 ou 3 foi observado em cinco olhos e ''haze'' central discreto, em um olho. Não houve correlação significativa do ''haze'' central ou periférico com o número de incisões radiais, com a profun didade da fotoablação ou com a AVcc pós-operatória. A contagem endotelial média no pré-operatório foi de 2.681± 455 cel/mm2 e após 1 ano foi de 2.481 ± 378 cel/mm2 (p=0,124). Um olho desenvolveu ectasia corneana, devido ao alargamento progressivo de uma incisão radial inferior, e foi submetido à sutura da incisão. CONCLUSÃO: O PRK com MMC mostrou-se seguro após um ...


PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) with mitomycin-C (MMC) in eyes with hyperopia after radial keratotomy. METHODS: Sixty eyes of 36 consecutive patients treated with corneal wavefront-guided PRK using an Esiris-Schwind excimer laser were prospectively evaluated. Corneal epithelium was mechanically removed, followed by photoablation and use of 0.02 percent MMC for 20 or 40 seconds. In 16 eyes (26.7 percent), MMC was applied for 40 seconds. These eyes underwent ablations deeper than 100 micron or had previous corneal sutures. Patients were followedup for 12 months. RESULTS: The mean spherical equivalent (SE) before PRK was +4.27 D ± 2.18, and the mean bestcorrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.174 ± 0.139 (logMAR). The planned laser SE correction was +4.74 D ± 2.11, resulting in an ablation depth of 78 ± 28 µm (from 33 to 148). No intraoperative complications were observed. At one year, mean SE was +0.04 D ± 1.03 (p<0.001) and mean BCVA was 0.079 ± 0.105 (p<0.001). There was a gain of 2 or more lines of BCVA in 20 eyes (33.3 percent) and only one eye (1.7 percent) lost 2 lines. Correlation analysis showed that the improvement in BCVA was inversely related to preoperative BCVA (r=-0.694; p<0.001). Five eyes developed peripheral haze grade 2 or 3 and one eye had central trace haze. No significant correlation was found between central or peripheral haze and the number of radial incisions, depth of the ablation or postoperative BCVA. Mean preoperative endothelial cell count was 2,681 ± 455 cel/ mm² and after one year was 2,481 ± 378 cel/mm² (p=0.124). One eye developed keratectasia due to the progressive widening of an inferior radial incision, which was later sutured. CONCLUSION: PRK with MMC was safe after one year of follow-up for the reduction of hyperopia after radial keratotomy. A major improvement in BCVA was obtained with a small incidence of haze and other complications.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Hyperopia/etiology , Hyperopia/surgery , Keratotomy, Radial/adverse effects , Mitomycin/administration & dosage , Photorefractive Keratectomy/methods , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Visual Acuity
5.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 73(1): 70-76, Jan.-Feb. 2010. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-546052

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficácia, previsibilidade e estabilidade da ceratectomia fotorrefrativa (PRK) guiada pela frente de onda corneana para o tratamento da hipermetropia secundária à ceratotomia radial. MÉTODOS: Este estudo prospectivo analisou 60 olhos de 36 pacientes consecutivos, submetidos a PRK personalizado com o laser Esiris-Schwind. A técnica constou de desepitelização mecânica, fotoablação e utilização de mitomicina-C 0,02 por cento. Os pacientes foram acompanhados por 12 meses. RESULTADOS: O intervalo médio entre a ceratotomia radial e o PRK foi de 18,4 anos ± 3,8 (DP); o equivalente esférico (EE) médio antes da ceratotomia radial era -4,35 dioptrias (D) ± 1,55. As medidas prévias ao PRK mostraram grau esférico médio de +5,00 D ± 2,28, astigmatismo médio de -1,47 D ± 1,06, EE médio de +4,27 D ± 2,18 e AV corrigida (AVcc) média de 0,174 ± 0,139 (logMAR). O EE médio programado no laser foi +4,74 D ± 2,11. Os resultados encontrados um ano após a cirurgia foram: EE médio de +0,04 D ± 1,03 (P<0,001), astigmatismo médio de -1,03 ± 0,75 D (P=0,015), AV média sem correção de 0,265 ± 0,197 e AVcc de 0,079 ± 0,105 (P<0,001). A AVcc mostrou ganho médio de uma linha; 20 olhos (33,3 por cento) melhoraram duas ou mais linhas e somente um olho perdeu duas linhas. Ocorreu redução estatisticamente significante do coma (P=0,002), trefoil (P=0,004), aberração esférica (P<0,001) e quatrefoil (P=0,002). Houve 48 olhos (80 por cento) entre ± 1,00 D do EE planejado. A regressão média entre seis e 12 meses foi de +0,17 ± 0,67 D. CONCLUSÃO: O PRK personalizado pela frente de onda corneana foi eficaz, previsível e estável pelo período de um ano para a redução da hipermetropia após a ceratotomia radial. No pós-operatório, observou-se melhora significativa da AVsc, AVcc e das aberrações corneanas. Número do ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT00917657


PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy, predictability and stability of corneal wavefront-guided photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for correcting hyperopia and astigmatism after radial keratotomy. METHODS: In a prospective study, 60 eyes of 36 consecutive patients were treated with corneal wavefront-guided PRK with 0.02 percent mitomycin-C using an Esiris-Schwind excimer laser. Corneal epithelium was mechanically removed. All patients were followed-up for 12 months. RESULTS: The mean time between radial keratotomy and PRK was 18.4 years ± 3.8 (SD); mean spherical equivalent (SE) before radial keratotomy was -4.35 diopters (D) ± 1.55. Before PRK, the mean sphere was +5.00 D ± 2.28, mean astigmatism was - 1.47 D ± 1.06, mean SE was +4.27 D ± 2.18, and the mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.174 ± 0.139 (logMAR). The planned laser SE correction was +4.74 D ± 2.11. No intraoperative complications were noted. At 12 months, mean SE was +0.04 D ± 1.03 (P<0.001), mean astigmatism was -1.03 ± 0.75 D (P=0.015), mean UCVA was 0.265 ± 0.197, and mean BCVA was 0.079 ± 0.105 (P<0.001). There was a mean gain of 1 line of BCVA and 20 eyes (33.3 percent) gained 2 or more lines. Only one eye lost 2 lines. A significant decrease in coma (P=0.002), trefoil (P=0.004), spherical aberration (P<0.001) and quatrefoil (P=0.002) was observed. Forty eight eyes (80 percent) were within ± 1.0 D of intended SE. Mean regression from 6 to 12 months was +0.17 ± 0.67 D. CONCLUSION: Corneal wavefront-guided PRK was effective, predictable and stable after one year of follow-up for the treatment of hyperopia after radial keratotomy. A significant improvement in UCVA, BCVA and corneal aberrations was obtained. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00917657


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Alkylating Agents/administration & dosage , Astigmatism/surgery , Hyperopia/surgery , Keratotomy, Radial/adverse effects , Mitomycin/administration & dosage , Photorefractive Keratectomy/methods , Astigmatism/etiology , Combined Modality Therapy , Corneal Topography , Follow-Up Studies , Hyperopia/etiology , Prospective Studies , Visual Acuity
6.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 23(supl.2): 790-800, 2010.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-615617

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Evaluar la seguridad y la eficacia del tratamiento con láser in situ keratomileusis en pacientes con defectos residuales posqueratotomía radial. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de tipo prospectivo longitudinal a 55 ojos de 31 pacientes con miopía y/o astigmatismo residuales posqueratotomía radial reoperados con láser in situ keratomileusis en el Servicio de Cirugía Refractiva del Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología Ramón Pando Ferrer desde enero a junio del 2007. En la selección de los pacientes, se utilizaron estrictos criterios de inclusión y exclusión utilizándose las variables: error refractivo residual en equivalente esférico medio, la agudeza visual sin corrección y la mejor agudeza visual corregida preLASIK y posLASIK, así como las complicaciones transoperatorias y postoperatorias. El seguimiento promedio de los pacientes fue de 12 ± 3 meses. RESULTADOS: El equivalente esférico posLASIK disminuyó notablemente en el primer día del posoperatorio y se mantuvo estable en la última consulta. La agudeza visual sin corrección posLASIK fue 1,0 (20/20) en 22 ojos (40 por ciento) y > 0,5 (20/40) en 44 ojos (80 por ciento). En 11 ojos (20 por ciento), la mejor agudeza visual corregida mejor 1 línea en la cartilla de Snellen. Se presentó como complicación intraoperatoria un ojo con perforación central del flap corneal y dentro de las complicaciones postoperatorias se reportaron detritus y restos hemáticos en la interfase en 2 ojos, pliegues finos del colgajo en un solo ojo y epitelización de la interfase fuera del eje visual igualmente, en un solo ojo. CONCLUSIONES: El Láser in situ keratomileusis puede ser usado exitosamente en la corrección de la miopía y el astigmatismo posqueratotomía radial en casos debidamente seleccionados


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and the efficacy of the Laser in Situ Keratomileusis treatment in patients with residual defects after radial keratotomy. METHODS: A prospective, longitudinal and descriptive study was performed in 55 eyes from 31 patients with residual myopia and/or astigmatism after radial keratotomy, who were re-operated on using Laser in situ keratomileusis at Refractive Surgery Service of Ramón Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology from January to June 2007. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to select the patients, on the basis of following variables: residual refractive errors in average spheral equivalent, visual acuity without correction and best visual acuity with correction before and after LASIK as well as the transoperative and postoperative complications. The average follow-up period were 12 ± 3 months. RESULTS: The spheral equivalent after LASIK was substantially reduced in the first day of the postoperative phase and kept stable in the last appointment with the specialist. The visual acuity without correction after LASIK was 1,0 (20/20) in 22 eyes (40 percent) and > 0,5 (20/40) in 44 eyes (80 percent). In eleven eyes (20 percent), the best corrected visual acuity improved by one line in the Snellen´s chart. The transoperative complication was found in one eye with central corneal flap perforation whereas the reported postoperative complications were detritus and hematic remains in the interphase in 2 eyes, fine foldings of the flap in one eye and epithelization of the interphase out of the visual axis also in one eye. CONCLUSIONS: The Laser in situ keratomileusis can be used successfully to correct myopia and astigmatism after radial keratotomy in duly selected cases


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Astigmatism/surgery , Myopia/surgery , Refractive Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/methods , Keratotomy, Radial/adverse effects , Treatment Outcome , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Longitudinal Studies , Prospective Studies
7.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 20(2)jul.-dic. 2007. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-499273

ABSTRACT

La cirugía refractiva personalizada consiste en adecuar el tratamiento de cada paciente según las características de la córnea y corregir defectos que afectan la calidad de la visión; por ejemplo, las aberraciones ópticas. Se seleccionaron 21 ojos de 13 pacientes con miopía residual después de queratotomía radial. Se realizó agudeza visual sin corrección y con ella, queratometría, refracción dinámica, refracción ciclopléjica; topografía corneal, taquimetría, tonometría, biomicroscopia, estudio de la lágrima y fondoscopia. A todos se les aplicó el software de análisis de frente de onda corneal y se realizó Lasik (Queratomileusis in situ con láser) y queratectomía refractiva optimizada. La agudeza visual sin corrección varió de 0,17 a 0,75. El equivalente esférico promedio se modificó de -4,81 D a -0,67 D. Las aberraciones de alto orden (HORMS) prequirúrgicas y posquirúrgicas variaron de 0,970 um hasta 1,130 um. La agudeza visual sin corrección fue superior a 0,8 en todos los casos después de la cirugía de Lasik. Disminuyó el equivalente esférico y el componente cilíndrico en todos los ojos. Las aberraciones totales disminuyeron también en todos los casos.


Customized refractive surgery means adapting treatment to the patient according to the corneal characteristics and correcting defects that affect the quality of vision, for example, optical aberrations. Twenty one eyes from 13 patients with residual myopia after undergoing radial keratotomy were selected. Visual acuity without correction and also, keratometry, dynamic refraction, cycloplegic refraction, corneal topography, tachymetry, tonometry, biomicroscopy, study of the tear and funduscopy were performed. All the eyes were applied the sofware for analysis of corneal wavefront and Lasik (Queratomileusis in situ with laser) and optimized refractive keratectomy were performed. Visual acuity without correction changed from 0.17 to 0.75. Average sphere equivalent varied from –4.81 D to –0.67 D. Higher-order aberrations before and after surgery changed from 0,970 um to 1,130 um. Visual acuity without correction was over 0.8 in all the cases after Lasik surgery. Spheral equivalent and cylindrical component of the eyes were reduced. Total aberrations decreased in all the cases.


Subject(s)
Humans , Corneal Topography , Keratotomy, Radial/methods , Myopia/etiology , Keratotomy, Radial/adverse effects
8.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 68(3): 353-356, maio-jun. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-410447

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Descrever os resultados laboratoriais de amostras de pacientes com ceratite infecciosa pós-cirurgia refrativa. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados pacientes do Departamento de Oftalmologia da UNIFESP, que foram submetidos a tratamento para ceratite infecciosa, entre janeiro de 1988 e junho de 2001, e que haviam sido submetidos à ceratomia radial (CR), ceratotomia fotorrefrativa (PRK) ou laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Previamente, as infecções foram classificadas como precoces, quando ocorreram até 30 dias após a cirurgia, e tardias quando diagnosticadas após 30 dias. RESULTADOS: Das 93 amostras, 39 eram de (42 por cento) pacientes submetidos à ceratotomia radial, sendo 14 (36 por cento) infecções precoces e 25 (64 por cento) infecções tardias; 38 (41 por cento) pacientes submetidos a LASIK, sendo 21 (55 por cento) infecções precoces e 17 (45 por cento) infecções tardias; 16 (17 por cento) eram de pacientes submetidos à ceratotomia fotorrefrativa, sendo 10 (62,5 por cento) infecções precoces e 6 (37,5 por cento) infecções tardias. Oitenta e seis amostras de córnea coletadas foram submetidas a cultivo e esfregaço para bactérias, 43 cultivos (50 por cento) e 43 esfregaços (50 por cento) foram positivos. Setenta e duas amostras foram submetidas a cultivo e esfregaço para fungos, 2 cultivos (3 por cento) e 4 esfregaços (6 por cento) foram positivos. CONCLUSAO: Os resultados obtidos revelam uma concordância de 80,2 por cento entre cultivo e esfregaço para bactéria. Não houve relação estatisticamente significante entre o tipo de cirurgia e o tempo de manifestação da infecção.


Subject(s)
Humans , Corneal Surgery, Laser/adverse effects , Keratitis/microbiology , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/adverse effects , Keratotomy, Radial/adverse effects , Refractive Errors/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors
9.
Rev. mex. oftalmol ; 73(3): 105-10, mayo-jun. 1999. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-254556

ABSTRACT

La cirugía refractiva es una técnica difundida universalmente, esta técnica es bastante segura, sin embargo, en ocasiones podemos tener complicaciones, y estas pueden ser desde sencillas en su manejo, hasta tener un desenlace fatal. Nosotros reportamos cinco pacientes que desarrollaron micosis corneal, en alguno de los cortes de la cirugía refractiva (queratotomía radiada). Se les aisló, se tipificó y se practicaron estudios histopatológicos en los 5 pacientes. En todos se comprobó la presencia de hongo Fusarium solani. Como es sabido, la infección por este hongo es una de las queratitis micóticas más agresivas. Se manejaron con antimicóticos, transplante y un caso terminó en ptisis bulbi después de manejar su endoftalmitis. Este artículo motiva al cirujano oftalmólogo a extremar precauciones aun en técnicas tan sencillas como la refractiva


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Cornea/surgery , Eye Infections, Fungal/etiology , Keratotomy, Radial/adverse effects
10.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 57(4): 305-9, abr. 1998.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-216934

ABSTRACT

A cirurgia refrativa tem sido largamente utilizada nos últimos 20 anos para a correçäo de miopia. O paciente submetido à ceratotomia radial está sob o risco do descolamento de retina. Apresentamos aqui dois casos de DR após RK: um caso secundário à microperfuraçäo durante RK e outro durante terapia miótica para o tratamento da hipercorreçäo. Ao exame final, a reaplicaçäo anatômica da retina foi atingida em ambos os casos. O buckiling escleral usado na correçäo do descolamento da retina induziu mudanças refracionais, com recidiva da miopia e astigmatismo, o que näo ocorreu no caso tratado com pneumorretinopexia, fotocoagulaçäo a laser e criopexia. Uma correta avaliaçäo pré-operatória da retina com tratamento das patologias degenerativas periféricas e comunicaçäo entre paciente e cirurgiäo seriam de grande valor para


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Keratotomy, Radial/adverse effects , Myopia/surgery , Retinal Detachment/etiology
11.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 58(1): 47-9, fev. 1995. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-148526

ABSTRACT

Os autores relatam 3 casos de transplante de córnea em olhos com ceratite micótica pós ceratotomia radial, com evoluçäo satisfatória em um seguimento médio de 28 meses. Os agentes isolados foram Fusarium solani, Acremonium spp e Aspergillus spp. Säo lembrados alguns aspectos da cicatrizaçäo corneana bem como a importância do esclarecimento dos pacientes candidatos à ceratotomia radial quanto à possibilidade da ocorrência de complicaçöes sérias no pós-operatório


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Acremonium/isolation & purification , Aspergillus/isolation & purification , Fusarium/isolation & purification , Keratitis/therapy , Keratotomy, Radial/adverse effects , Corneal Transplantation/methods
12.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 56(6): 350-3, dez. 1993. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-134118

ABSTRACT

Hipermetropia secundária a ceratotomia radial pode resultar de uma hipercorreçäo inicial ou de um efeito contínuo da cirugia. Nós avaliamos o efeito do tratamento cirúrgico da hipermetropia pós-ceratotomia radial em 5 pacientes (6 olhos) que consistiu em reabertura e lavagem das incisöes radiais, e sutura das mesmas com pontos separados de náilon 10-0. Foram utilizados 4 ou 8 pontos colocados em zonas ópticas de 5 e/ou 7 mm. Os pacientes foram acompanhados por um período mínimo de 24 semanas. Todos os pacientes apresentaram reduçäo da hipermetropia e melhora da acuidade visual pré-operatória. O equivalente esférico foi reduzido de 4,87 + ou - 2,02 D para 1,16 + ou - 1,99 D e 2,60 + ou - 0,96 D para 38,02 + ou - 2,39 D e 37,00 + ou - 2,34 D, quatro e 24 semanas após a cirurgia. Todos os pacientes apresentaram variável grau de astigmatismo refracional, também detectado com a topografia corneana computadorizada. A sutura das incisöes radiais para tratamento da hipercorreçäo parece ser um tratamento efetivo para a hipercorreçäo após ceratotomia radial


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Hyperopia/surgery , Keratotomy, Radial/adverse effects , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Hyperopia/rehabilitation , Surgical Procedures, Operative/rehabilitation
13.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 1993 Apr; 41(1): 3-14
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-69698

ABSTRACT

Acanthamoeba keratitis, infectious crystalline keratopathy and atypical mycobacterial keratitis have recently emerged as important types of infectious keratitis. These corneal infections have been associated with contact lens wear and with corneal surgical procedures such as radial keratotomy and penetrating keratoplasty, and the clinical setting of each of these infections is important in alerting the clinician to the possible diagnosis. There have been improvements in rapid diagnostic techniques for such infections in the last several years. Treatment has also improved, but remains a difficult problem, especially for Acanthamoeba. An overview of recent developments in the clinical and histopathologic methods for diagnosis and treatment options of these three corneal infections is provided.


Subject(s)
Acanthamoeba Keratitis/etiology , Aged , Contact Lenses/adverse effects , Cornea/pathology , Corneal Diseases/etiology , Eye Infections, Bacterial/etiology , Female , Humans , Keratitis/etiology , Keratoplasty, Penetrating/adverse effects , Keratotomy, Radial/adverse effects , Male , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/etiology
14.
Rev. méd. hered ; 4(1): 26-32, mar. 1993. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-156988

ABSTRACT

La queratotomia radial es un nuevo tratamiento quirurgico de la miopia simple. El proposito de este estudio ha sido evaluar los resultados de este procedimiento en el Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia desde agosto del 87 a diciembre del 89. La cirugia fue realizada en 44 ojos de 22 pacientes. 17 fueron femenino (77.3 por ciento) y cinco pacientes masculino (22.7 por ciento) la edad estuvo comprendida entre 20-39 años de edad. El promedio de la miopia pre-operatoria fue 3.9 +/- 1.8 dioptrias. La zona óptica fue 3mm en 31.8 por ciento y 3.5 mm en 68.2 por ciento de casos. El rango de la paquimetria central ultrasónica vario entre 0.41 a 0.63mm. El rango de la profundidad de las incisiones estuvo comprendido entre 0.44-0.64 mm. La agudeza visual postoperatorio a las 24 horas despues de la cirugia fue 20/20 a 20/40 en 68.2 por ciento de ojos; 20/50 a 20/70 en 11.4 por ciento de ojos; 20/100 a 20/200 en 20.4 por ciento. A los 30 dias postoperatorio la agudeza visual sin corrección fue 20/20 a 20/40 en 50 por ciento de ojos; 20/50 a 20/70 en 36.4 por ciento y 20/100 a 20/200 en 13.6 por ciento de ojos. La agudeza visual sin corrección a los 6 meses fue 20/20 a 20/40 en 43.2 por ciento; 20/50 a 20/70 en 38.6 por ciento y 20/100 a 20/200 en 18.2 por ciento de los ojos. Las complicaciones mas frecuentes en nuestra serie ha sido la hipo corrección. Se analiza cuidadosamente la miopia residual y podemos afirmar que la queratotomia radial disminuyó la miopia preoperatoria en todos los casos


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Myopia/surgery , Myopia/therapy , Keratotomy, Radial , Keratotomy, Radial/adverse effects , Keratotomy, Radial/methods , Keratotomy, Radial/trends
15.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 55(2): 80-5, 1992. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-128734

ABSTRACT

Estudo experimental prospectivo a resistência corneal após a ceratomia radial em coelhos. Foram utilizados 13 animais da raça cinzento europeu. Empregamos, em todos os casos, a mesma técnica e instrumental cirúrgico. As alteraçöes na resistência, sofridas pela córnea foram estudadas e registradas por intermédio de um diagrama tensäo deformaçäo. A análise estatística envolveu o test "t" para amostras pareadas, baseado na distribuiçäo t de Student. Esta análise envolveu a diferença entre os valores da Tensäo de Ruptura no olho operado e no olho näo operado. O teste "t", para amostras pareadas, mostrou ser significante a reduçäo da resistência da córnea após esta cirurgia refrativa


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Cornea/analysis , Clinical Trial , Keratotomy, Radial/adverse effects
16.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 54(6): 262-4, 1991. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-128716

ABSTRACT

Descriçäo de 2 casos de ferimento perfutante em olhos previamente submetidos à ceratotomia radial (CR). Discutem o papel da CR na integridade do globo ocular, bem como alguns aspectos do processo de cicatrizaçäo corneana. Ressaltam a importância do esclarecimento dos candidatos à CR pelo médico e da orientaçäo quanto à prevençäo de traumas no pós-operatório


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Eye Injuries/prevention & control , Keratotomy, Radial/adverse effects
18.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 1990 Jul-Sep; 38(3): 124-31
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-71992

ABSTRACT

Radial keratotomy has always produced ambivalent feelings in the Ophthalmologist. The severe complications produced by the Sato procedure has been an unforgettable episode. The work of Fyodorov and Durney (1979) and their American counterparts, Bores (1981) and Hoffer (1981) have done a great service to radial keratotomy in having it established as an acceptable procedure. The controversy really only abated with the work of the National Institute of Health Funded Prospective Evaluation of Radial Keratotomy (PERK) study which suggested that the procedure has a low initial risk and was effective in decreasing myopic correction. Over the last 3 years a series of cases where evaluated and followed up in detail in an effort to gain a perspective on the one problem which has bugged the radial keratotomy programme from the beginning-its predict-ability.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Keratotomy, Radial/adverse effects , Male , Middle Aged , Myopia/surgery , Prognosis
19.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 1990 Jul-Sep; 38(3): 139-44
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-71617

ABSTRACT

R.K. is a surgery of tomorrow. It is still in the stage of evolution. It should be under-taken only for precise indications. Case evaluation and honest advice to the patient is important. The patient should be explained that the worst can happen. The surgery should be limited to moderate degrees of myopia, not less than -3.0 D sphere and not more than 8 to 10 D. It has no place for myopia with degenerative retinal changes. Surgery should be interrupted at the first sign of a significant operative complication. It will be unfortunate if a healthy eye is lost due to complications of R.K. done with indiscriminate approach and ignorance of possible post-operative consequences.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Corneal Diseases/etiology , Female , Humans , India , Keratotomy, Radial/adverse effects , Male , Middle Aged , Myopia/surgery , Prognosis
20.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 1990 Jul-Sep; 38(3): 107-13
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-70586

ABSTRACT

The Prospective Evaluation of Radial Keratotomy (PERK) study is a nine-center clinical trial of a standardized technique of radial keratotomy in 435 patients who had simple myopia with a preoperative refractive error between -2.00 and -8.00 diopters (D). We report results for one eye of each patient. The surgical technique consisted of eight incisions using a diamond micrometer knife with the blade length determined by intraoperative ultrasonic pachymetry and the diameter of the central clear zone determined by the preoperative refractive error. At three years after surgery, 58% of eyes had refractive error within one diopter of emmetropia; 26% were undercorrected, and 16% were overcorrected by more than one diopter. Uncorrected visual acuity was 20/40 or better in 76% of eyes. The operation was more effective in eyes with a preoperative refractive error between -2.00 and -4.37 diopters. Between one and three years after surgery, the refractive error changed by 1.00 diopter or more in 12% of eyes, indicating a lack of stability in some eyes.


Subject(s)
Astigmatism/surgery , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Keratotomy, Radial/adverse effects , Myopia/surgery , Prognosis , Prospective Studies , Refractive Surgical Procedures , Regression Analysis , Visual Acuity
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